Thursday, September 29, 2005

[IWS] Mercer: 2005 China Corporate Benchmark Monitor (CBM) [19 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

Mercer

2005 China Corporate Benchmark Monitor (CBM)
China
Beijing, 19 September 2005
http://www.mercerhr.com/pressrelease/details.jhtml/dynamic/idContent/1194985

As human resource (HR) is increasingly becoming strategic business partners, it is important for HR professionals to rely on hard, quantifiable evidence to not only justify human capital investment but also seek to optimize the returns of various human capital investments.

According to a newly-released study on the effectiveness of HR function by Mercer Human Resource Consulting ­ 2005 China Corporate Benchmark Monitor, higher performing companies are investing more in human capital programs and HR functions than lower performing companies.

The study finds that the median human capital costs per employee for high performing companies ­  defined as the top one third of companies with profit margin higher than 14% is RMB 138,956 a year, more than twice as much as RMB 58,790 a year for low performing companies ­ defined as the bottom third companies with profit margin below 8%. Also, the HR staff ratio for the high performing companies is 1.4%, higher than the 1.2% of the low performing ones.

The new 2005 study was conducted to examine HR performance and HR’s impact on business outcomes among organizations in China for the period from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2004. It is based on a survey of 101 companies in China spanning a variety of industries such as Hi-Tech, Pharmaceutical, Automobile, Chemicals, Consumer Goods, and Other Manufacturing (mainly Multinationals’ China Operations).

The data presented in the CBM provides a detailed snapshot of where participating organizations in China are positioned with regard to 45 key indicators of corporate performance in labor cost ratios, HR budgets, staffing ratios, recruitment, training, and employee turnover. CBM was launched in China from 2002 and has been conducted once a year since then.

The CBM is a diagnostic tool that enables organizations to:

   * Identify areas covered by the survey where the performance of your organization is significantly different from that of relevant comparator organizations in China and outside China, and

   * Monitor performance, on an ongoing basis, in those areas that have already been identified as worthy of present and future attention.

Staffing ratios

Staffing ratios remained relatively stable, compared to 2004 results. It is noticeable that sales staff as a percentage of total staff rose from 19.2% in 2004 to 22.1% in 2005. It has been observed that companies hire more sales to explore or develop market.

In companies with over 1,000 employees, the HR staff ratio ­ the HR staff as a proportion of all employees ­ is 1.11% at the median, suggesting that one HR staff can support 90 non-HR staff. However, in companies with under 200 employees, the ratio is 2.39%, suggesting that one HR staff can only support 40 non-HR staff.

This difference implies that large companies, measured in terms of workforce size, tend to have scale-of-economy advantages over small companies in providing HR services.  This evidence is also supported by the finding that HR expenses measured by HR budget per employee at median are lower in large companies ­  RMB3,772 was budgeted for each employee ­ than in small companies where each employee had a HR budget of RMB 5,890.

The supporting staff ratio was also observed to decrease with an increase in company size by workforce. The average supporting staff as a percentage of total staff (including finance, HR, IT and administration staff) is 9.5%.

Training

The average of training expenditure for all industries stands at RMB 3,205 a year and an average of 33 training hours per year for each employee. It has also been observed that turnover and training expenditure has a negative correlation.

Staff turnover

The average overall voluntary staff turnover increased from 10.0% last year to 13.2% this year, reflecting most likely a tightening of the labor market conditions. Consumer and pharmaceutical companies experienced higher voluntary turnover among employees than other companies.  Consumer goods companies have an average voluntary turnover rate of 19.01% while the pharmaceutical ones have an average turnover rate of 17.46%.

About the study

A customized CBM report was sent to each and every one of the participants on July 15, 2005.  If you are interested, a soft copy of the 67-page generic study report can be obtained at a cost for non-participants by contacting Ms. Laurel Qin at 10-6505-9355 ext 15.
_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


[IWS] New! INDUSTRIAL & LABOR RELATIONS REVIEW (FREE Back Issues) [29 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

Important news for researchers --

Issues of the Industrial & Labor Relations Review  that are not within 18 months of the most current release are available free of charge on the Internet. Only subscribers can retrieve the current issues. Free issues date from APRIL 2003 (earlier issues will soon be added to this database).


PLEASE NOTE: In order to retrieve the free issues, one must go to the ARCHIVES Pull-Down Menu in the left margin and pick the date(s) of interest. Then click on GO.

See
INDUSTRIAL & LABOR RELATIONS REVIEW
http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/ilrreview/

Welcome! Issued quarterly since October 1947, the Industrial & Labor Relations Review is a leading interdisciplinary journal publishing original research on all aspects of the employment relationship. We also publish reviews of some 50 books per year.

This site contains the full text of articles and book reviews dating from April 2003 (Vol. 56, No. 3). All visitors can view and download (a) any book review archived in this site and (b) any archived article that is 1-1/2 years old or older. Subscribers can, in addition, view and download recent and current articles.

Subscribers: To gain access to recent and current articles, e-mail us at ILRR@Cornell.edu and provide us with your e-mail address(es) if you are an individual subscriber or your IP address(es) if you are an institutional subscriber. Also provide enough scraps of other information (name or postal address, for example) so that we can find you in our database. Once we have confirmed your status as a subscriber and have registered your e-mail or IP addresses with Digital Commons, you will be able to view and download recent and current articles.

Institutions: If you do not know your IP address, find it at http://www.whatsmyip.org.

This registration process is human-powered, not automatic. During work hours on weekdays, authentication is usually provided quickly. There may be a longer wait if your request is sent on weekends or holidays.


_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


Wednesday, September 28, 2005

[IWS] EMCC: New! CONSTRUCTION & Knowledge-intensive BUSINESS SERVICES SECTORS (Change) [28 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

European Monitoring Centre on Change (EMCC)


EMCC dossier on the European construction sector [
28 September 2005]
< http://www.emcc.eurofound.eu.int/content/source/eu05017a.html>

Construction is one of Europe's biggest industries, including the building, civil engineering, demolition and maintenance industries. The sector has an annual turnover in excess of 900 billion and more than 12 million employees in the EU15 alone. This EMCC dossier provides an in-depth analysis of the trends and forces driving change in the sector, using a compilation of relevant reports, company case studies and scenarios to give a comprehensive insight into a sector facing important challenges today.



The knowledge-intensive business services sector: Towards visions for the future and policy implications [28 September 2005]
< http://www.emcc.eurofound.eu.int/content/source/eu05016a.html>
or
http://www.emcc.eurofound.eu.int/publications/2005/ef0559en.pdf (1 Mb) [full text, 28 pages]

The second article in the Sector Futures series on the KIBS sector explores, in greater depth, the reasons for the sector's growth and draws up three alternative scenarios for its future development. The third and last article in this series goes on to review a range of policy issues that are raised by the three scenarios and outlines major policy responses to these issues.

_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


[IWS] CANADA: Weekly Work Report, 26 September 2005

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

(The following is courtesy of the Centre for Industrial Relations, University of Toronto).

Weekly Work Report for the Week of September 26, 2005

These highlights of the week's HR/IR news are prepared by the Librarians at the Centre for Industrial Relations for our subscribers, alumni, faculty and students, and are intended for their individual use only.  Please visit the CIR website for terms of use and information about organizational subscriptions.  This message is composed in MS Outlook Express and contains hyperlinks that require an HTML-enabled email program.

The WWR is protected by Canadian copyright law and should not be reproduced or forwarded without permission.   For inquiries or comments,  please contact the Editor,  elizabeth.perry@utoronto.ca.

----------
STELCO CREDITOR PROTECTION EXTENDED, STEELWORKERS VOTE LAST ON RESTRUCTURING PLAN:  Late on September 23, Stelco concluded an agreement  with Tricap Management for $450 million  in new financing, and reached tentative collective agreements  with United Steelworkers’ Local 5220 in Edmonton and Local 8782 at the  Lake Erie plant .  With these arrangements in place, Stelco will qualify for a $100 million loan from the government of Ontario, and can move ahead to a vote by creditors on its restructuring plan.  Company bondholders oppose the restructuring plan, which proposes to make a $400 million payment on the company’s $1.3 billion pension deficit.

The president of USW Local 8782 has stated that the agreements involve no concessions, but the union will not conduct formal ratification votes until all other parties have voted on the restructuring plan.   The Court has extended Stelco’s creditor protection for the tenth time, until October 4.

LINKS:

Archive of court documents re Stelco restructuring at the website of McCarthy Tetrault at < http://www.mccarthy.ca/en/ccaa/ccaa_detailed.asp?company_id=1>

Archive of Stelco documents at the United Steelworkers’ website at < http://www.steelworkers-metallos.ca/program/content/overview_sub.php?modules_ID=491&modules2_ID=283 >

Stelco faces more hurdles as it presses ahead with its restructuring plan at < http://www.canada.com/businesscentre/story.html?id=5ab0c5ed-44bc-4ffd-b033-74d6bd7a27e4&rfp=dta >

----------
B.C. TEACHERS BEGIN JOB ACTION:    Teachers in British Columbia’s schools will begin the first phase of job action on September 28, following decision by the BC Labour Relations Board on September 23 which allows them to refuse supervision, meetings and paperwork.   A second phase of rotating strikes around the province is planned for October 11 to 20,   with a full-scale withdrawal of all services in the province starting October 24 if progress has not been made in negotiations.  On September 15,  Rick Connolly,  the Associate Deputy Minister of Labour was appointed as a fact-finder in the dispute, with a deadline of September 30th to report to the Minister.

The B.C. Teachers Federation (BCTF) states that its top bargaining goals are to improve learning conditions, restore bargaining rights, and achieve a fair salary increase. It seeks annual wage increases of 4, 5 and 6 % over three years (including 2% COLA each year), arguing that B.C. wages are inferior to those of teachers in Ontario and Alberta. The British Columbia Public School Employers Association (BCPSEA), whose CEO calls the dispute “intractable”, maintains that they are limited by the “net zero compensation mandate” established by the provincial government.

In 2002, Bill 27, the Education Services Collective Agreement Act and Bill 28, The Public Education Flexibility and Choice Act, imposed a collective agreement allowing only a 2.5% wage increase per year for 3 years and amended the School Act to remove class size and composition as a permissible subject of bargaining.

LINKS:

Why are B.C. teachers taking a strike vote? at the BC Teachers Federation website at < http://www.bctf.bc.ca/Bargain/negotiations2004/TeachersTakeAStand/WhyStrikeVote.html >

BCPSEA news archive at < http://www.bcpsea.bc.ca/public/aboutus/news.html>

“BC Teachers poised to strike” in the Globe and Mail (Sept. 19) at < http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/ArticleNews/TPStory/LAC/20050924/BCTEACHERS24/TPEducation/ >

BCLRB decision B255/2005 re essential services (4 pages, PDF) at < http://www.lrb.bc.ca/decisions/B255$2005.pdf>

----------
FIRST CONTRACT RECOMMENDED FOR ALBERTA’S LAKESIDE PACKERS:   On September 19, the government of Alberta made public the report of the Disputes Inquiry Board into the negotiations at Lakeside Packers, the largest meat packing facility in western Canada. Led by John Moreau, the Board wrote a report that details   “a fair and reasonable proposal for a first collective agreement”, effective until March 2009.

The recommended terms were accepted by the United Food and Commercial Workers Local 401 on September 26 but must also be accepted by Lakeside, owned by U.S.-based multinational Tyson Foods, by September 29.  Failing acceptance by both parties, they will have the right to strike or lockout.

LINKS:

Report of the Disputes Inquiry Board (23 pages, PDF) at < http://www3.gov.ab.ca/hre/pdf/DIB_report.pdf>

Lakeside workers vote to accept DIB conciliator’s report at < http://www.prdirect.ca/en/view_release.aspx?TrafficID=4202>

UFCW Local 401 website at < http://www.gounion.ca/lakesidebargain.cfm>

----------
ALBERTA WAGE SURVEY RELEASED:  The 2005 Alberta Wage and Salary Survey was released on September 26, providing detailed wage and salary information  for approximately 480 occupations and 8 economic regions, including Calgary, Edmonton, and Fort McMurray.   Results show an overall average wage increase of 8.67 % from 2003 to 2005 (from $19.68 per hour to $21.39 per hour). 56% of employers reported difficulties in finding workers (compared to a 2003 rate of 52 %). The Alberta Wage and Salary Survey is conducted every two to three years. In 2005, Alberta Human Resources and Employment led the survey, in partnership with Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, Economic Development and Advanced Education. Over 6,700 Alberta employers participated.

LINKS:

Press release and summary at < http://www2.gov.ab.ca/acn/200509/18809823611C6-E630-4D3F-9FBA223469A6E5EF.html >

2005 Alberta Wage and Salary Survey (searchable database) at < http://www.alis.gov.ab.ca/wageinfo/Content/RequestAction.asp?format=html&aspAction=GetWageHomePage&Page=Home >

----------
WHO WORKS FOR MINIMUM WAGE? YOUNGER WORKERS AND WOMEN:  The Fact Sheet on Minimum Wage published by Statistics Canada shows the distribution of minimum wage workers by province, age, sex, industry, education level, firm size, union membership, job tenure, and part-time/full-time status.  Women accounted for almost two-thirds of minimum wage workers; two-thirds of minimum wage workers were under age 25.   Only 1% of union members worked for minimum wage, compared to 6% of non-union members.   The report was calculated from data from the monthly Labour Force Survey.

LINK:

"Fact sheet on Minimum wages" (4 pages, PDF) from online Perspectives on Labour and Income (Sept. 2005) at < http://www.statcan.ca/english/studies/75-001/comm/2005_09.pdf>
----------
FUNDING ANNOUNCED FOR NEW SECTOR COUNCILS IN POLICE, FOOD, PRINTING, AND NON-PROFIT SECTORS: On September 26, the Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development announced   funding of approximately $2 million through the Sector Council Program to create four new sector councils:  Police Sector Council, the Canadian Food Industry Council, the Canadian Printing Industries Association and the HR Council for the Voluntary/Non-profit Sector.  Sector councils “bring together business, labour and educational stakeholders in key industries to identify and address common human resources and skills issues, and to find solutions that benefit the sector. “   The sector council network now covers approximately 47 % of the labour market.

LINKS:

Government of Canada press release at < http://www.news.gc.ca/cfmx/view/en/index.jsp?articleid=171439 &>

Canadian Food Industry Council at < http://www.canadianfoodindustrycouncil.com/en/index.asp>
Canadian Printing Industries Association at < http://www.cpia-aci.ca/>http://www.cpia-aci.ca/

HR Council for the Voluntary/Non Profit sector at < http://www.hrcouncil.ca/council/index_e.cfm>

Police Sector council at < http://www.policecouncil.ca/pages/home.html>

The Alliance of Sector Councils website at < http://www.councils.org/tasc/nav.cfm?s=1main&p=index&l=e>

----------
CANADIAN LABOUR AND BUSINESS CENTRE TAKES ON NEW ROLE TO LEAD RESEARCH IN WORK AND LEARNING:  The Canadian Council on Learning, a national non-profit organization funded by Human Resources and Skills Development Canada,   announced in mid-September that it has selected the Canadian Labour and Business Centre as the lead organization for the new Work and Learning Knowledge Centre.  The Work and Learning Knowledge Centre  is one of five such centres being created by the CCL ;  the others are Adult Learning, Early Childhood Learning, Aboriginal Learning, and Health and Learning.  Each knowledge centre is responsible for advising CCL on research priorities, monitoring outcomes and knowledge exchange within its topic area.   In September, the CCL commissioned a review of best practices and knowledge gaps in e-learning, diversity, and literacy in the workplace.   Principal investigator is Lynn Johnston, Executive Director of the Canadian Society for Training and Development.

LINKS:

Work and Learning Knowledge Centre at < http://www.ccl-cca.ca/english/know/work.asp>

Canadian Council on Learning at < http://www.ccl-cca.ca/english/home/default.asp>

Press release at the Canadian Labour and Business Centre at < http://www.clbc.ca/home.asp>

----------
CSTD ANNOUNCES AWARDS FOR TRAINING EXCELLENCE :  The Canadian Society for Training and Development (CSTD) announced four winners of its Canadian Awards for Training Excellence on September 19. The winners were: Ontario Service Safety Alliance (OSSA),  Alias and Knightsbridge GSW , Hydro One Networks and Provinent, and Mental Health Works for “Working It Out: A Manager's Guide to Mental Health and Accommodation in the Workplace.  These awards are part of the inaugural CSTD Learn@Work Week, running from September 19 to 23.

LINKS:

Press release at the Canadian Society of Training and Development website at < http://www.bettermail.ca/m/72/5229/>

Fall 2005 issue of the online Canadian Learning Journal (40 pages, PDF) at < http://www.cstd.ca/filedrop/CLJFall05.pdf> .

----------
YOUNGER RETIREES GO BACK TO WORK FOR MANY REASONS, MAINLY FINANCIAL:  An article in the September 2005 issue of online Perspectives on Labour and Income shows that 22% of people who retired at the age of 50 or older went back to some form of paid work, and another 4% said they looked for a job, but hadn't been able to find one.  For 38% or respondents their reason for returning to work was  for financial concerns;  22% returned because they didn’t like retirement;  19% returned for the intrinsic rewards, such as challenge and social contacts, and 14% felt they were needed or wanted to help out.  Many people had multiple reasons. The study was based on the 2002 General Social Survey and measured behaviour between 1992 and 2002.

LINKS:

Summary of "Post-retirement employment" by Grant Schellenberg, Martin Turcotte and Bali Ram from The Daily (Sept. 23) at < http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/050923/d050923b.htm> . To read the full article, the September edition of  online Perspectives on Labour and Income (Cat. #75-001-XIE) can be downloaded for $6 Cdn. from < http://www.statcan.ca/cgi-bin/downpub/pickup.cgi?issue=1090575-001-XIE.pdf >
----------
CONSUMER PRICE INDEX RISES 2.6% IN AUGUST:  Statistics Canada released the Consumer Price Index report for August 2005 on September 23, reflecting some of the recent increases in gasoline prices.  The 12-month increase for the All-items CPI was 2.6% in August, compared to 2.0% in July.  With energy costs excluded, the All-items 12 month change would have been only 1.6% in August.  Gasoline prices increased by 6.6 % between July  and August, bringing the year-to-year gain for that item to 20.1 %.

LINKS:

Latest release from the Consumer Price Index at the Statistics Canada website at < http://www.statcan.ca/english/Subjects/Cpi/cpi-en.htm>

----------
WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT FROM THE WORLD BANK:  The World Bank released its annual flagship document, the World Development Report in Washington on September 20. World Development Report 2006: Equity and Development calls for   “removal of trade barriers in rich countries, flexibility to allow greater in-migration of lower-skilled people from developing countries, and increased—and more effective— development assistance.”

A press release from the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions states that   “the ICFTU considers this year's report to be among the most balanced assessment of labour issues that the World Bank has recently produced…. Like many Bank publications, the 2006 WDR includes some stereotyped and negative references to trade union actions that simply aren’t realistic …But the fact that the report recognizes the positive social and economic role of trade unions, and advocates defending workers’ rights, is an improvement.”

LINKS:

World Development Report 2006 website, including the full report, background papers at < http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTRESEARCH/EXTWDRS/EXTWDR2006/0,,menuPK:477658~pagePK:64167702~piPK:64167676~theSitePK:477642,00.html >

Overview and archive of all World Development Reports at the World Bank website at < http://econ.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTRESEARCH/EXTWDRS/0,,contentMDK:20227703~pagePK:478093~piPK:477627~theSitePK:477624,00.html >

ICFTU press release at < http://www.icftu.org/displaydocument.asp?Index=991222829&Language=EN >

----------
Book of the Week: Strategic Unionism and Partnership: Boxing or Dancing ?

edited by Tony Huzzard, Denis Gregory and Regan Scott.

Houndmills. <?xml:namespace prefix = u1 />U.K. : Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.  362 p.

ISBN 1-4039-1756-6

How can trade unions make sense of social partnership? What are the implications of partnership for union renewal? This book takes an international perspective to explore these issues based on an ongoing dialogue between researchers and union practitioners in eight countries. The book develops the metaphors "boxing" and "dancing" to denote contrasting strategic choices to the employment relationship, yet argues that neither approach alone can offer an exclusive trajectory for union development. The contributors conclude by identifying lessons for union renewal.

About the Editors:

Tony Huzzard is Research Fellow, National Institute for Working Life, Stockholm, Sweden.

Denis Gregory teaches Labor Relations and Labor Economics at Ruskin College, Oxford.

Regan Scott is a freelance writer on Industrial Relations.

----------
 121 St. George Street, Toronto Canada M5S 2E8    < http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/cir>



_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


Tuesday, September 27, 2005

[IWS] Upjohn: SOUTH AFRICA MINIMUM WAGE Effects on DOMESTIC SERVICE WORKERS [August 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

The Effect of Minimum Wages on the Employment and Earnings of South Africa's Domestic Service Workers,
http://www.upjohninst.org/publications/wp/05-120.pdf
[full-text, 60 pages]
Upjohn Institute Working Paper 05-120
Tom Hertz , 2005. [15 August 2005]

Abstract
http://www.upjohninst.org/publications/wp/05120wp.html

Minimum wages have been in place for South Africa's one million domestic service workers since November of 2002. Using data from seven waves of the Labour Force Survey, this paper documents that the real wages, average monthly earnings, and total earnings of all employed domestic workers have risen since the regulations came into effect, while hours of work per week and employment have fallen. Each of these outcomes can be linked econometrically to the arrival of the minimum wage regulations. The overall estimated elasticities suggest that the regulations should have reduced poverty somewhat for domestic workers, although this last conclusion is the least robust.
_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
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                                            *
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****************************************


Monday, September 26, 2005

[IWS] EIROnline:INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS in EUROPE 2004 [26 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

European Industrial Relations Observatory (EIRO) Online

Industrial Relations Developments in Europe 2004 [26 September 2005]
http://www.eiro.eurofound.eu.int/other_reports/ef0572en.pdf
[full-text, 108 pages]

[excerpt]
Industrial relations developments in Europe 2004 focuses on EU-level initiatives and activities related
specifically to European social dialogue. It also examines the main developments at national level
in areas such as legislative developments, the organisation and role of the social partners, industrial
action, employee participation, absence from work, psychological harassment, and new forms of
work. A special focus on employee involvement in areas of information, consultation and
participation provides an insight into key measures in this important domain.

Contents
vii
Foreword v
Introduction 1
1 ­ Developments at EU level 3
2 ­ Comparative overview of industrial relations 25
3 ­ Recent developments in information, consultation and participation 75
References 93
_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
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                                            *
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****************************************


[IWS] World Bank BACKGROUND PAPERS for WDR 2006 (Equity & Development) [20 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________


Background Papers
World Development Report 2006: Equity and Development
http://econ.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTRESEARCH/EXTWDRS/EXTWDR2006/0,,contentMDK:20232899~menuPK:477651~pagePK:64167689~piPK:64167673~theSitePK:477642,00.html


   * Claessens, Stijn and Enrico Perotti. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/The_Links_between_Finance_and_Inequality_Channels_and-Evidence.pdf >
The Links between Finance and Inequality: Chanels and Evidence.

   * Decker, Klaus, Caroline Sage and Milena Stefanova. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Law_or_Justice_Building_Equitable_Legal_Institutions.pdf >
Law or Justice: Building Equitable Legal Institutions.

   * Hoff, Karla. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/What_Can_Economists_Explain_by_Taking_into_Account_Peoples_Perceptions_of_Fairness.pdf >
What Can Economists Explain by Taking into Account People's Perceptions of Fairness? Punishing Cheats, Bargaining Impasse, and Self-Perpetuating Inequalities.

   * Pinglé, Vibha. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Faith_Equity_and_Development.pdf >
Faith, Equity, and Development.

   * Rao, Vijayendra. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Symbolic_Public_Goods_and_the_Coordination_of_Collective_Action_A_Comparison_of_Local_Development_in_India_and_Indonesia.pdf >
Symbolic Public Goods and the Coordination of Collective Action: A Comparison of Local Development in India and Indonesia.

   * Ravallion, Martin. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Inequality_is_Bad_for_the_Poor.pdf >
Inequality is Bad for the Poor.

   * Chirayath, Leila, Caroline Sage and Michael Woolcock. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Customary_Law_and_Policy_Reform.pdf >
Customary Law and Policy Reform: Engaging with the Plurality of Justice Systems.

The following papers were prepared in collaboration with the U. K. Department for International Development (DfID) and the World Bank's Social Development Department (see the November 15, 2004 Seminar on Promoting Equity in Development, under Consultations).

   * Andersson, Martin and Christer Gunnarsson. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Egalitarianism_in_the_Process_of_Modern_Economic_Growth_The_Case_of_Sweden.pdf >
Egalitarianism in the Process of Modern Economic Growth: The Case of Sweden.

   * Barrientos, Armando. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Cash_transfers_for_Older_People_Reduce_Poverty_and_Inequality.pdf >
Cash Transfers for Older People Reduce Poverty and Inequality.

   * Black, Richard, Claudia Natali and Jessica Skinner. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Migration_and_Inequality.pdf >
Migration and Inequality.

   * Boix, Carles. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Spain_Development_Democracy_and_Equity.pdf >
Spain: Development, Democracy and Equity.

   * de Haan, Arjan. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Disparities_within_Indias_Poorest_Regions_Why_Do-the_Same_Institutions_Work_Differently_in_Different_Places.pdf >
Disparities within India's Poorest Regions: Why Do the Same Institutions Work Differently in Different Places?

   * Deshpande, Ashwini. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Affirmative_Action_in_India_and_the_United_States.pdf >
Affirmative Action in India and the United States.

   * Lucero, Jose Antonio. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Indigenous_Political_Voice_and_the_Struggle_for_Recognition_in_Ecuador_and_Bolivia.pdf >
Indigenous Political Voice and the Struggle for Recognition in Ecuador and Bolivia.

   * Gacitúa-Marió, Estanislao and Michael Woolcock, with Marisa von Bulow. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Assessing_Social_Exclusion_and_Mobility_in_Brazil.pdf >
Assessing Social Exclusion and Mobility in Brazil.

   * Moncrieffe, Joy M. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Beyond_Categories_Power_Recognition_and_the_Conditions_for_Equity.pdf >
Beyond Categories: Power, Recognition and the Conditions for Equity.

   * Ross, Michael. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Mineral_Wealth_and_Equitable_Development.pdf >
Mineral Wealth and Equitable Development.

   * Sabates-Wheeler, Rachel. 2005. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Asset_Inequality_and_Agricultural_Growth_How_are_patterns_of_asset_inequality_established_and_reproduced.pdf >
Asset Inequality and Agricultural Growth: How Are Patterns of Asset Inequality Established and Reproduced?

   * Shepherd, Andrew and E. Gyimah-Boadi, with Sulley Gariba, Sophie Plagerson and Abdul Wahab Musa. 2004. < http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1118673432908/Bridging_the_North_South_Divide_in_Ghana.pdf >
Bridging the North South Divide in Ghana.
_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


[IWS] World Development Report 2006: Equity and Development [20 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

World Bank

World Development Report 2006: Equity and Development [20 September 2005]
http://wdsbeta.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/IW3P/IB/2005/09/20/000112742_20050920110826/Rendered/PDF/322040World0Development0Report02006.pdf
[full-text, 340 pages]

Overview
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2006/Resources/477383-1127230817535/WDR2006overview.pdf
[full-text, 17 pages]

Download by Chapter
http://econ.worldbank.org/external/default/main?pagePK=64165259&theSitePK=469372&piPK=64165421&menuPK=64166093&entityID=000112742_20050920110826

Press Release, 20 September 2005
http://econ.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTRESEARCH/EXTWDRS/EXTWDR2006/0,,contentMDK:20232719~menuPK:477649~pagePK:64167689~piPK:64167673~theSitePK:477642,00.html

Summary:
 World Development Report 2006 analyzes the relationship between equity and development. The report documents the persistence of inequality traps by highlighting the interaction between different forms of inequality. It presents evidence that the inequality of opportunity that arises is wasteful and inimical to sustainable development and poverty reduction. It also derives policy implications that center on the broad concept of leveling the playing field-both politically and economically and in the domestic and the global arenas. The report recognizes the intrinsic value of equity but aims primarily to document how a focus on equity matters for long-run development. It has three parts: Part I considers the evidence on inequality of opportunity, within and across countries. Part II asks why equity matters, discussing the two channels of impact (the effects of unequal opportunities when markets are imperfect, and the consequences of inequity for the quality of institutions a society develops) as well as intrinsic motives. Part III asks how public action can level the political and economic playing fields. In the domestic arena, it makes the case for investing in people, expanding access to justice, land, and infrastructure, and promoting fairness in markets. In the international arena, it considers leveling the playing field in the functioning of global markets and the rules that govern them-and the complementary provision of aid to help poor countries and poor people build greater endowments.

_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


Friday, September 23, 2005

[IWS] BLS: COMPARATIVE Consumer Price Indexes 9 Countries 1995-2005 [2 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

Consumer price indexes in nine countries, percent change from same period of previous year, 1995-2005 [2 September 2005]
ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ForeignLabor/flscpim.txt


Data compiled by: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, September 2, 2005.
_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
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****************************************


[IWS] BLS: COMPARATIVE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE in 9 Countries & European Union 1995-2005 [2 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

Unemployment rates in nine countries, civilian labor force basis,approximating U.S. concepts, seasonally adjusted, 1995-2005
ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ForeignLabor/flsjec.txt

SOURCE:  U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, September 2, 2005.


Unemployment rates in the European Union and selected member countries, civilian labor force basis (1), seasonally adjusted, 1995-2005
ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ForeignLabor/flseur.txt

Data compiled by U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; BLS has not adjusted these data to reflect U.S. labor
force concepts.  September 2, 2005.
_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
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E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


[IWS] BLS: MASS LAYOFFS & DOMESTIC & OVERSEAS RELOCATION [September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

* Presented at the EU-US Seminar on �Offshoring of Services in ICT and Related Services,� Brussels,
Belgium, December 13-14, 2004.


Mass Layoff Statistics Data in the United States and Domestic and Overseas Relocation*
Sharon P. Brown
Chief, Division of Local Area Unemployment Statistics
Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Department of Labor
http://www.bls.gov/mls/mlsrelocation.pdf
[full-text, 13 pages]

[excerpt]
With increasing interest in the impact on the U.S. economy of offshoring and outsourcing of work, the
MLS program, and the employer interview component in particular, was determined to be
an appropriate vehicle for collecting information on this economic phenomenon. After
an intensive period of development,
questions were added to the MLS employer
interview in January 2004 that identify job loss associated with movement of work within
the company and to another company, domestically and out of the country. Beginning in
June 2004, the results of these questions have been published.

_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


[IWS] CRS: Foreign Outsourcing: Economic Implications and Policy Responses - Update 21 June 2005 (online 21 September 2005)

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

Congressional Research Service (CRS)

Foreign Outsourcing: Economic Implications and Policy Responses
Updated June 21, 2005
Craig K. Elwell
Specialist in Macroeconomics
Government and Finance Division
http://opencrs.cdt.org/rpts/RL32484_20050621.pdf
[full-text, 28 pages]

Summary
Foreign outsourcing--the importing of some intermediate product (i.e., a portion
of a final product or some good or service needed to produce a final product) that was
once produced domestically--is not a new phenomenon, nor is it one that is
economically distinct from other types of imports in terms of its basic economic
consequences. A steadily rising level of trade in intermediate products is one of the
salient characteristics of U.S. trade and world trade for the last 30 years. It has been
estimated that as much as a third of the growth of world trade since 1970 has been
the result of such outsourcing worldwide. While foreign outsourcing may seem
different from traditional notions of trade in that it involves exchange of a productive
resource (capital or labor) rather than an exchange of a final good and service, the
ultimate economic outcome is exactly the same: a net increase in economic efficiency
through the elimination of economic inefficiencies that occur when countries use
only the productive resources found within their borders. This gain is not likely to
be achieved, however, without causing costly disruptions for the particular workers
and sectors tied to the now-imported good.

Foreign outsourcing, trade in general, and trade deficits tend to change the
composition of total output and the composition of total employment, but it is
unlikely that economy-wide they lead to any change in the overall level of either.
In some areas of the economy output falls and jobs are destroyed, but in other areas
output is increased and jobs are created. There are two complementary reasons for
this. First, the Federal Reserve using monetary policy can set the overall level of
spending in the economy to a level consistent with full employment. With aggregate
spending at the right level, full employment is possible with or without outsourcing,
trade deficits, or trade in general. Second, according to basic economic principles
any increase in the demand for an import will also lead to adjustments in the foreign
exchange market that will induce an equal increase in the demand for the country's
exports of goods or assets. The positive stimulus to employment of the increased
export of goods is direct, that of the increased export of assets is indirect, but both
tend to create jobs in other parts of the economy. Indirect evidence of this inherent
"two-way" nature of trade and that increased outsourcing over the last 30 years has
not likely led to a significant net diversion of employment or output abroad is found
in the relatively stable patterns of employment and output between the domestic
parent and foreign affiliates of U.S. multinational corporations. In addition, there is
evidence of sizable foreign outsourcing to and job creation in the United States.

The destructive aspects of foreign outsourcing are costly and distressing to
those whose jobs are lost to increased imports. Therefore, matters of efficiency and
equity are intertwined and one of the principal challenges for policymakers in the
face of foreign outsourcing (and trade in general) is to find ways to ameliorate the
associated harm, without sacrificing the economy-wide gains that such trade
generates. Compensation for loss and adjustment assistance is thought by economists
to offer the best chance for securing higher economic efficiency along with
distributional equity. This report will be updated as events warrant.


_____________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky                   *
Director, IWS News Bureau                *
Institute for Workplace Studies *
Cornell/ILR School                        *
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor             *
New York, NY 10016                        *
                                            *
Telephone: (607) 255-2703                *
Fax: (607) 255-9641                       *
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu                  *
****************************************


Thursday, September 22, 2005

[IWS] ILO: Decent Work & MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS (MDG) [14 September 2005]

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies                   Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations           Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor                    Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016                        Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

International Labour Organization (ILO)

MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Information folder on Decent Work and the Millennium Development Goals [14 September 2005]
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/index.htm

Overview
 < http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/overview.pdf >

Reference materials
 < http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/reference.pdf >

MDG 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
 < http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/mdg1.pdf >

MDG 2. Achieve universal primary education
 < http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/mdg2.pdf >

MDG 3. Promote gender equality and empower women
< http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/mdg3.pdf >

MDG 4. Reduce child mortality
< http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/mdg4.pdf >

MDG 5. Improve maternal health
 < http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/mdg5.pdf >

MDG 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
 < http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/mdg6.pdf >

MDG 7. Ensure environmental sustainability
 < http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/mdg7.pdf >

MDG 8. Develop a global partnership for development
 < http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/exrel/mdg/briefs/mdg8.pdf >
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