Monday, October 22, 2007
[IWS] UN: DISABILITIES HANDBOOK--FROM EXCLUSION to EQUALITY [17 October 2007]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Office of the United Nations HIgh Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
From Exclusion to Equality: Realizing the rights of persons with disabilities [17 October 2007]
Handbook for Parliamentarians on the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol
http://ohchr.org/english/about/publications/docs/ExclusionEqualityDisabilities.pdf
[full-text, 163 pages]
This Handbook is the outcome of cooperation between the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, and the Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Press Release 17 October 2007
Disabilities Handbook
http://unhq-appspub-01.un.org/LIB/DHLRefWeblog.nsf/dx/17102007093320AMSLKHWD.htm
[excerpt]
The handbook aims to help lawmakers better understand the new Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol and provide them with the tools to facilitate its ratification and subsequent implementation.
CONTENTS
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III
Chapter 1: Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Realizing the rights of persons with disabilities:
the compelling reasons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The focus of the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Why a convention was needed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Rights specifi ed in the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
The relationship between disability and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Chapter 2: The Convention in detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Historical developments leading to a new convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
The Convention at a glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
The purpose of the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
The scope of the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Defi ning disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
The rights and principles enumerated in the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . 14
General principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
International cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Obligations of States parties under the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Obligations to respect, protect and fulfi l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Comparing the Convention to other human rights treaties . . . . . . . . . 20
Chapter 3: Monitoring the Convention and the Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Monitoring mechanism in the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
The Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities . . . . . . . . . 26
Periodic reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
The purpose of periodic reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Follow-up to periodic reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
The Conference of States parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Other mechanisms to monitor the rights of persons
with disabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
The Optional Protocol to the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
The individual communications procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
The inquiry procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Becoming a party to the Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
The United Nations secretariat that supports the Convention . . . . . 37
Chapter 4: Becoming a party to the Convention and Optional Protocol . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Joining the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Signing the treaty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
What it means to sign the treaty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Expressing consent to be bound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
The ratifi cation process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Ratification by regional integration organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Accession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
The instrument of ratifi cation, formal confi rmation
or accession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
The role of parliament in the ratifi cation process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
When the Convention and Optional Protocol enter
into force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Reservations to the Convention and Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Modifying and withdrawing reservations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Declarations to the Convention and Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Types of declarations to the Convention and
Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Making declarations to the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Relevance of the Convention to non-parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Chapter 5: National legislation and the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Incorporating the Convention into domestic law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
The meaning of signing and ratifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Incorporation through constitutional, legislative
and regulatory measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Types of equality and non-discrimination legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
The content of legislative measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Critical elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Linking implementing legislation to the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Types of disability to be addressed in legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
"Reasonable accommodation" as a cornerstone
of legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Special measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Discrimination by State authorities, private
persons and corporations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Specific areas for legislative reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Intellectual property laws and ensuring access to books,
films and other media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Legislation recognizing national sign language(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Complaints procedures under national law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Procedural measures to promote implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Undertake a comprehensive review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Ensure that all laws are consistent with the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Engage persons with disabilities in the legislative process . . . . . . . . . . 74
Involve provincial or state-level parliaments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Chapter 6: From provisions to practice: implementing the Convention . . .. . . . . . . . . . 77
Habilitation and rehabilitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
The Cost of inclusive education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Work and employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Legal capacity and supported decision-making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Chapter 7: Creating national institutions to implement and monitor the Convention . . . .. . . . . . . . 93
Focal points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Coordination mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
National human rights institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
The relationship between the Convention and
national human rights institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Types of national human rights institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
The Paris Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Potential functions of a national human rights institution . . . . . . . . . 98
National human rights institutions and
complaints mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Establishing an appropriate institution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Parliamentary oversight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Parliamentary committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Commissions of inquiry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Direct questioning of ministers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Scrutiny of executive appointments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Oversight over non-governmental public agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Budgetary scrutiny and fi nancial control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
The courts and the role of the judiciary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Judicial protection of rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Annex I: Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Annex II: Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities . . . . . . . . . . . 145
About the publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . inside back cover
[Thanks to Gary Price at ResourceSelf.com for the tip]
______________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 255-2703
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Office of the United Nations HIgh Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
From Exclusion to Equality: Realizing the rights of persons with disabilities [17 October 2007]
Handbook for Parliamentarians on the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol
http://ohchr.org/english/about/publications/docs/ExclusionEqualityDisabilities.pdf
[full-text, 163 pages]
This Handbook is the outcome of cooperation between the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, and the Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Press Release 17 October 2007
Disabilities Handbook
http://unhq-appspub-01.un.org/LIB/DHLRefWeblog.nsf/dx/17102007093320AMSLKHWD.htm
[excerpt]
The handbook aims to help lawmakers better understand the new Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol and provide them with the tools to facilitate its ratification and subsequent implementation.
CONTENTS
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III
Chapter 1: Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Realizing the rights of persons with disabilities:
the compelling reasons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The focus of the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Why a convention was needed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Rights specifi ed in the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
The relationship between disability and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Chapter 2: The Convention in detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Historical developments leading to a new convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
The Convention at a glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
The purpose of the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
The scope of the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Defi ning disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
The rights and principles enumerated in the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . 14
General principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
International cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Obligations of States parties under the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Obligations to respect, protect and fulfi l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Comparing the Convention to other human rights treaties . . . . . . . . . 20
Chapter 3: Monitoring the Convention and the Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Monitoring mechanism in the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
The Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities . . . . . . . . . 26
Periodic reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
The purpose of periodic reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Follow-up to periodic reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
The Conference of States parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Other mechanisms to monitor the rights of persons
with disabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
The Optional Protocol to the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
The individual communications procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
The inquiry procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Becoming a party to the Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
The United Nations secretariat that supports the Convention . . . . . 37
Chapter 4: Becoming a party to the Convention and Optional Protocol . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Joining the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Signing the treaty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
What it means to sign the treaty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Expressing consent to be bound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
The ratifi cation process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Ratification by regional integration organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Accession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
The instrument of ratifi cation, formal confi rmation
or accession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
The role of parliament in the ratifi cation process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
When the Convention and Optional Protocol enter
into force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Reservations to the Convention and Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Modifying and withdrawing reservations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Declarations to the Convention and Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Types of declarations to the Convention and
Optional Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Making declarations to the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Relevance of the Convention to non-parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Chapter 5: National legislation and the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Incorporating the Convention into domestic law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
The meaning of signing and ratifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Incorporation through constitutional, legislative
and regulatory measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Types of equality and non-discrimination legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
The content of legislative measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Critical elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Linking implementing legislation to the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Types of disability to be addressed in legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
"Reasonable accommodation" as a cornerstone
of legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Special measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Discrimination by State authorities, private
persons and corporations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Specific areas for legislative reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Intellectual property laws and ensuring access to books,
films and other media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Legislation recognizing national sign language(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Complaints procedures under national law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Procedural measures to promote implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Undertake a comprehensive review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Ensure that all laws are consistent with the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Engage persons with disabilities in the legislative process . . . . . . . . . . 74
Involve provincial or state-level parliaments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Chapter 6: From provisions to practice: implementing the Convention . . .. . . . . . . . . . 77
Habilitation and rehabilitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
The Cost of inclusive education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Work and employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Legal capacity and supported decision-making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Chapter 7: Creating national institutions to implement and monitor the Convention . . . .. . . . . . . . 93
Focal points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Coordination mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
National human rights institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
The relationship between the Convention and
national human rights institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Types of national human rights institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
The Paris Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Potential functions of a national human rights institution . . . . . . . . . 98
National human rights institutions and
complaints mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Establishing an appropriate institution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Parliamentary oversight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Parliamentary committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Commissions of inquiry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Direct questioning of ministers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Scrutiny of executive appointments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Oversight over non-governmental public agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Budgetary scrutiny and fi nancial control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
The courts and the role of the judiciary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Judicial protection of rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Annex I: Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Annex II: Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities . . . . . . . . . . . 145
About the publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . inside back cover
[Thanks to Gary Price at ResourceSelf.com for the tip]
______________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
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# posted by SBasefsky : 1:07 PM
